Under pressure, Pfizer, Moderna (and soon AstraZeneca) publish COVID-19 vaccine protocols

The clamor for more transparency from the leading pandemic vaccine contenders has been getting louder, especially after AstraZeneca’s trial was briefly stopped in the U.K. (and is still on hold in the U.S.).

These growing calls for transparency have led Moderna (PDF), swiftly followed by Pfizer/BioNTech (and a pledge from AstraZeneca), to release their protocols this week, all of which are in the later stages of testing and likely to see data, and maybe emergency approvals, in the coming months.