"When do you get pass your patent agent exam?"
I will assume you're asking when I passed the "Examination for Registration to Practice in Patent Matters Before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office". I won't give an exact date, because as you know, the OED publically posts the names and addresses of those who've passed. You'd be able to bracket my identity if I provided too specific a date. Suffice it to say, in the past couple of years. Or are you asking how soon are you notified if you've passed after you take the exam? If so, if you've passed (that is got 70% or greater of the 90 questions scored, you pass. You are told immediately at the end of the exam, after you've filled out an annoying survey. You take it on a computer at the ProMetrics facility of your choice. Now, it's 100 questions, but 10 questions are for "beta testing" and they are not scored. You don't know which they are, although you can figure it out by how bizarrely off-the-mark they are relative to what you've studied. They neither count for you, if you answered correctly nor against you if you answered them incorrectly. Now, if you do not get a score of 70% or more correct, the computer-tube tells you what the score is you've got. Intriguingly, when you pass, you just get a "you've preliminarily passed" without any score. You never know your score when you pass; only that you've got 70% or greater.
I will say, it was the most difficult exam I've taken in long, long time. I'd rather go through 12 thesis defenses than go through that again. I took EVERY MINUTE of the six hours given. (3 hours, 50 questions in the morning, exactly 1 hour break, if you want it, for lunch, then 3 hours, 50 questions in the afternoon. YOU ARE FRIED when it's over. In a bad way, not good fried.
Once you've passed, that's it--never again do you have to take it, unless in the future, they change the requirements it so you have to prove you're taking continuing education. It's best to keep up on things, as a malpractice defense, if anything else. Plus the law has been changing so much, you just have to keep up with course work, or symposia or web-based mini courses or you will be very out of touch.
Here's the key to passing--YOU MUST MUST MUST ABSOLUTELY commit to memory all of the known past exams. October 2002 AM and PM; October 2003 AM and PM; April 2003 AM and PM. Yes the only exams the USPTO posted are over 12 years old! Once they moved to the computer based testing, they stopped posting the exam questions/solutions. Nevertheless, committing them to memory is well worth your time. DRILL until you consistently get through with a 90% or more score. Work for SPEED, know the fact patterns. Know WHY the wrong answers are wrong, as well as why the right answers are right. Being able to dispatch these questions in seconds on the real exam, then buys you time to LOOK UP THE REALLY HARD ONES, or the ones testing on recent, bizarre, changes to the law (AIA, PPH, etc.) THEY LOVE TO TEST OBSCURE THINGS; the electronic MPEP you get is SLOW, non-responsive and like the worst first-gen. Adobe pdf file you've ever seen. This EATS TIME. So getting easy points buys you time to do or look up the hard ones. You've only got 3.6 minutes per question. Sometimes the text for a single question goes on forever, because the answer choices can be paragraphs long, and differ by only one or two words!
DO NOT underestimate this exam, or the time it will take you to prepare. Don't feel bad if you don't pass the first time. People taking this are not used to failing exams, yet THEY DO. Most people miss passing by 1 or 2 points, I kid you not. The pass rate, which was as high as 60% 5 or 6 yrs ago, has now dropped to 43% in 2014.
Hope this answers your questions. Ask more !